Infertility: Symptoms and Causes

Starting a family is a dream for many couples, but sometimes it doesn’t happen easily. Infertility is a condition that affects a lot of people worldwide.

Many factors can cause infertility and have physical and emotional effects. In simple terms, it means having difficulty getting pregnant.

This article will discuss the symptoms and causes of infertility, so you can understand what may be happening in your body and what to do about it.

What are the Types of Infertility?

There are two main types of infertility:

• Primary Infertility
• Secondary Infertility

Primary Infertility

Primary infertility is the inability to conceive a child after trying for at least one year. Couples who have never been pregnant and are trying to conceive fall under this category.

Various factors, including ovulation disorders, blocked fallopian tubes, uterine abnormalities, and low sperm count, can cause primary infertility.

Secondary Infertility

Secondary infertility is the inability to conceive a child after trying for at least one year, but the couple has had a previous pregnancy.

It can be caused by many of the same factors as primary infertility and other issues such as age, endometriosis, and complications from a previous pregnancy.

What are the Symptoms of Infertility?

Infertility is the inability to conceive a child after a year of trying for couples under the age of 35 or six months for couples over the age of 35. The symptoms of infertility differ for men and women.

The following is a detailed explanation of the symptoms of infertility for both genders.

Symptoms of Infertility in Women

Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Women with irregular periods or cycles longer than 35 days or shorter than 21 days may have difficulty getting pregnant.

Painful Periods: Painful periods or dysmenorrhea may be a symptom of endometriosis, which can affect fertility.

Abnormal Discharge: Women with abnormal vaginal discharge or odor may have an infection affecting their fertility.

Pain During Intercourse: Pain during intercourse may be a symptom of a condition such as endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease.

Ovulation Disorders: Women who have irregular menstrual cycles or do not ovulate regularly may have difficulty conceiving. This can be caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid disorders.

Symptoms of Infertility in Men:

Erectile Dysfunction: Men unable to achieve or maintain an erection may have difficulty conceiving.

Low Libido: A decreased interest in sex may also indicate a hormonal or physical issue affecting fertility.

Male Factor Infertility: Male factor infertility can be caused by low sperm count, poor sperm motility, or abnormalities in the shape or size of the sperm.

Pain or Swelling in the Testicles: Pain or swelling in the testicles may indicate an infection or other issue affecting fertility.

It is important to remember that infertility can have many causes, and not all of these symptoms may be present.

If you or your partner are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to consult the fertility doctor, who can help identify the cause and develop a treatment plan.

What are the Causes of Infertility?

Infertility can have a range of causes that affect both men and women. Understanding the causes of infertility can help couples get the appropriate treatment and support they need to conceive. 

The following is a detailed explanation of the causes of infertility for both genders.

Causes of Infertility in Women

Age: As women age, their fertility declines. After age 35, a woman’s fertility decreases rapidly; after age 40, the drop is even steeper.

Ovulation Disorders: Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid disorders can affect a woman’s ability to ovulate regularly, making it difficult to conceive.

Endometriosis: Endometriosis is a condition where the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of the uterus, which can cause pain and damage to the reproductive organs.

Blocked Fallopian Tubes: Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes can prevent the egg from being fertilized or reaching the uterus.

Uterine Abnormalities: Abnormalities in the shape or structure of the uterus can make it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant and grow.

Causes of Infertility in Men

Low Sperm Count: A low sperm count can make it difficult to fertilize an egg.

Poor Sperm Motility: Poor sperm motility, or the ability of sperm to move effectively, can make it difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg.

Abnormal Sperm Shape or Size: Abnormalities in the shape or size of sperm can make it difficult for them to penetrate the egg.

Erectile Dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction can make it difficult to achieve or maintain an erection necessary for intercourse.

Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal imbalances can affect the production of sperm and testosterone, affecting fertility.

What are the Diagnosis and Tests for Infertility?

Diagnosing infertility can involve a range of tests and evaluations for both men and women. Here is a detailed explanation of the diagnosis and tests for infertility for both genders.

Diagnosis and Tests for Infertility in Women

Medical History and Physical Exam: A fertility doctor will take a medical history and perform a physical exam to identify any underlying conditions or factors contributing to infertility.

Ovulation Tracking: Ovulation tracking involves monitoring a woman’s menstrual cycle to determine if and when she is ovulating. This can be done by tracking basal body temperature, cervical mucus, and ovulation predictor kits.

Hormone Tests: Hormone tests can be done to check for hormonal imbalances affecting ovulation or fertility.

Imaging Tests: Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, can evaluate the reproductive organs and look for abnormalities or issues.

Hysterosalpingogram: This type of X-ray checks for blockages in the fallopian tubes.

Diagnosis and Tests for Infertility in Men

Semen Analysis: A semen analysis is used to evaluate the quantity, quality, and motility of sperm. A man will need to provide a semen sample that is evaluated in a lab.

Physical Exam: A fertility doctor will perform a physical exam to check for any physical issues affecting fertility, such as varicoceles or other conditions.

Hormone Tests: Hormone tests can be done to check for hormonal imbalances affecting sperm production.

Genetic Testing: Genetic testing can identify any genetic factors affecting fertility.

Imaging Tests: Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, can evaluate the reproductive organs and look for abnormalities or issues.

Conclusion

Infertility can be a challenging condition that affects both men and women. Recognizing the symptoms and causes of infertility is important in helping couples understand their fertility and take steps toward conceiving a child.

With advances in medical technology and treatment options, many couples struggling with infertility can conceive successfully and start the families they have been dreaming of by Consulting the best IVF Center in Indore.

If you or your partner are experiencing fertility issues, don’t hesitate to talk to a fertility doctor who can provide guidance and support throughout the process.

Remember, infertility is a medical condition that affects millions of couples, and with the right care and treatment, there is hope for a successful pregnancy and a happy, healthy family.