Dr. Zahi Abou Chacra’s Advice for a Smooth Recovery After Facial Reconstructive Surgery
There are many reasons why a person might have facial reconstructive surgery. According to reputable medical organizations such as the American Society for Plastic Surgeons, the Mayo Clinic, and Johns Hopkins University, the most common reasons include improving their appearance after an injury, such as an auto accident, congenital defects, the removal of facial cancers, and repairing damage left from other necessary surgeries or severe burns or scarring. In fact, contrary to popular belief, elective cosmetic surgery doesn’t even crack the top five.
But whether or not a person has facial reconstructive surgery in order to restore function after an unfortunate medical event or simply to feel more confident about their physical appearance, it’s important to follow the proper recovery guidelines.
Dr. Zahi Abou Chacra is an authority on the subject, having spent his adult life as an ENT specialist and facial plastics and reconstructive surgeon. Currently the Medical Director and Principal Surgeon of Montreal’s esteemed Clinique 7, he was kind enough to share some professional insights.
“In one important way, facial reconstructive surgery is like any other kind of surgery,” states Dr. Chacra. “The recovery process is nearly as important as the medical procedure itself, and following all post-operative instructions from your surgeon to the letter is the best way to ensure that the affected areas heal correctly.”
Dr. Chacra emphasizes that the first few days following surgery are the most crucial for setting the foundation for a smooth recovery. “The body needs time to adjust, and rushing back into your normal activities can cause complications,” he says. Indeed, virtually all facial reconstructive surgeries involve some form of incision, which means there is always a risk of infection. “That’s why keeping the area clean is paramount,” says Dr. Chacra. “I recommend gently washing the face as directed by your surgeon and using any prescribed topical treatments to keep any wounds sterile.” Antibiotics may also be prescribed as a preventative measure, as with many surgeries, to avoid the chance of infection during the healing process.
Along with maintaining cleanliness, controlling swelling is a top priority in the early stages of healing. Swelling is one of the body’s natural responses to surgery, but it can be uncomfortable and slow down your recovery time if it’s not properly managed. Dr. Chacra advises patients to keep their heads elevated while resting or sleeping upright for at least the first week following a procedure.
“Swelling is inevitable, but there are ways to minimize it, such as applying cold compresses intermittently during the first 48 hours and avoiding strenuous physical activity,” says Dr. Chacra. “You should also make sure to stay hydrated, as it helps reduce inflammation.”
Perhaps counter-intuitively, diet plays a surprising role in recovery. Dr. Zahi Abou Chacra suggests eating soft, nutritious foods that require minimal chewing to avoid unnecessary strain on the facial muscles and jaw. Staying away from salty foods is also important, as excess salt can cause water retention and can worsen swelling. Post-operative instructions regarding tobacco and alcohol use are usually also provided to patients.
“Post-operative nutrition is often overlooked by those who undergo facial reconstructive surgery, but it’s one of the key components to a successful recovery,” Dr. Chacra explains. He recommends a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, all of which can help to boost the human body’s natural healing processes.
Patients must also protect their skin from sun exposure. UV rays emitted by the sun can cause scars to darken or slow the healing process. Dr. Chacra is adamant about this: “Scar tissue is very sensitive in the first few months after surgery, and direct sunlight can permanently affect the appearance of the skin.” He recommends wearing broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and a wide-brimmed hat whenever going outside, no matter the season and even on cloudy days.
Finally, the overall mindset of the patient is key. Patience is an integral part of recovery. While some people may begin to feel better after just a few days, it’s important to give the body ample time to heal. In other words, err on the side of caution. Depending on the complexity of the surgery, full recovery can take weeks or even months, even though you may feel back to normal. Surgically altered anatomy takes time to heal, which is why attending post-operative follow up appointments at your surgeon’s request is essential to them documenting your healing process. During these appointments, your surgeon can advise you on activities you may begin participating in again as the weeks and months wear on following surgery.
“Everyone heals at their own pace, and what’s most important is to listen to your body and your surgeon’s advice,” he says. “A good guideline is to always allow for more recovery time than you think you need. There is very little downside to doing so, as opposed to doing the opposite, which carries with it a tremendous potential downside. And always remember: when in doubt, check the post-op care instructions given to you upon being released from the hospital or clinic, or consult with a qualified physician.”
